Is a Company being formed to enter the Pyrolysis Carbon Black Markets to provide a superior product with a higher performance value than current carbon black.

Taqyon Quantum Materials Corp. (TQMC) is transforming the circular economy with its proprietary waste-heat-powered graphene and carbon black conversion line, the Xpherion™ Technology provides a system that converts hydrophobic carbon black and graphene byproducts from pyrolysis plants into high-value hydrophilic variants suitable for premium applications in coatings, batteries, composites, and electronics.

The current problem

Waste heat pyrolysis plants** — which typically refer to systems that use lower-grade waste heat (e.g., from industrial exhaust gases, cement kilns, steel mills, or power plants) for indirect heating or integrate waste heat recovery — can encounter specific challenges with the carbon black byproduct (also called pyrolytic carbon black or recovered carbon black, rCB).

These issues stem mainly from the lower and less uniform process temperatures compared to conventional direct-fired pyrolysis plants (which often reach 600–1000°C or higher with precise control). ### Key Carbon Black Problems in Waste Heat Pyrolysis Waste heat systems usually operate at lower effective pyrolysis temperatures (often 400 600°C, sometimes as low as 350–500°C) due to the limitations of available heat sources. This leads to incomplete devolatilization and secondary reactions, resulting in poorer-quality carbon black. The main problems include:

1. Higher Organic Contaminants and Residual Volatiles At lower temperatures, not all volatile organic compounds fully evaporate or crack away from the solid residue. This leaves bituminous substances, tars, or adsorbed hydrocarbons (up to 5–15 wt% volatiles) on the carbon black surface. Consequences: The material becomes sticky, agglomerates easily, has lower purity, and emits odors or VOCs during handling/storage. It also reduces reinforcing performance if reused in rubber.

2. Increased Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Toxic Impurities Incomplete pyrolysis promotes formation or retention of PAHs (e.g., up to 100–200 mg/kg in some low-temperature cases) and other toxic organics. Consequences: Health/environmental risks (PAH limits reuse in consumer products like tires or rubber goods; often requires additional detoxification (e.g., thermal post-treatment or solvent extraction).

3. Higher Ash Content and Inorganic Impurities Lower temperatures do not fully volatilize or react away inorganics (e.g., ZnO, SiO2, sulfur compounds from tire additives). Ash content can remain 15–25 wt% (vs. <10% in high-quality virgin carbon black). Consequences: Reduced surface area, poorer dispersion in polymers, and lower reinforcement properties (e.g., weaker tensile strength in rubber compounds).

4. Lower Surface Area and Poorer Structure Carbon black from low-temperature processes has BET surface areas often below 50–80 m²/g (compared to 80–120+ m²/g for virgin N330-grade used in tires). Particle agglomeration is common due to deposited pyrolytic carbon layers. Consequences: Inferior reinforcement in rubber (Payne effect: heat buildup and reduced elasticity), limited use as high-value filler; often only suitable as low-grade fuel or after expensive upgrading.

5. Agglomeration and Handling Issues Sticky residues cause clumping, making the carbon black hard to process (e.g., milling, pelletizing) and transport. High-temperature pyrolysis reduces this by burning off or cracking residues. 6. Inconsistent Quality Due to Heat Transfer Limitations Waste heat systems (e.g., indirect heating via heat exchangers or integration with flue gases) often have slower/uneven heating rates and poorer mass-heat transfer. Rotary kilns or moving beds using waste heat exacerbate this compared to direct-fired systems. Consequences: Batch-to-batch variability in carbon black properties, reducing market value.

### Comparison to Conventional (Direct-Fired) Pyrolysis | Aspect | Waste Heat / Low-Temp Pyrolysis | Conventional / High-Temp Pyrolysis | Typical Temp | 400–600°C | 600–1000+°C | | Carbon Black Quality | Lower (high volatiles, ash, PAHs) | Higher (cleaner, better structure) | | Upgrading Needed | | Main Use of rCB | Examples | Almost always (milling, activation, de-ashing) | Often minimal | Fuel, low-grade filler | Potential tire-grade after mild upgrading | | Some integrated industrial setups pyrolysis | | Standalone rotary kiln or vacuum In high-temperature processes, carbon black can approach commercial grades (e.g., N330) with less post-processing. ### Mitigation Options Many plants address these issues through: - Post-pyrolysis milling/activation (chemical like H₃PO₄/KOH or thermal). - Demineralization (acid washing to remove ash). - Pelletizing for use as fuel. In summary, while waste heat pyrolysis is attractive for energy efficiency and lower emissions, it often produces lower-value carbon black requiring significant upgrading to be marketable beyond basic fuel uses.

Xpherion™ Conversion Process System is a Quantum Leap in technology to redefine the carbon black / graphene markets and solves the many problems current waste heat plants have with (rCB) Recoverd Carbon Black Quality Problems

Mission: To transform pyrolysis byproducts from environmental liabilities into sustainable, high-margin hydrophilic materials.

Vision: Equip 20% of global pyrolysis plants by 2030 and capture 5% of the USD 8.5B specialty carbon market.